Usama NIZAMANI INTRODUCTION Pakistan has traditionally been at the cross roads for different civilizations, which have traversed through the territory that is now part of the present day country. Pakistan comprises various and diverse geographical topographies including plateaus, hills, plains, … [Read more...]

  Aquaproiect S.A. is a renowned design, studies and consulting company in the field of water management and environmental engineering, with an experience of 60 years and a large sphere of activities, specialized in river regulation and flood protection works, the design of water … [Read more...]

Mahnoor ARSHAD Abstract. The economic stability of a country has a strong correlation with the performance of its energy sector. The more energy a country generates, the more economic growth it can achieve. Pakistan is a country that was severely hit by the prolonged energy crisis, which … [Read more...]

The National Institute for Aerospace Research ‘Elie Carafoli’ - INCAS is the leading research establishment in aerospace sciences in Romania, with a tradition of over 60 years in aerospace engineering, flow physics and applied aerodynamics, using state-of-the-art technologies and unique … [Read more...]

Saddaf SULTAANA, PhD Abstract. Since last few decades, Pakistan defence industry entered into a new phase of development. Pakistan showed a great advancement in manufacturing and developing weapons and military technologies. This has reduced Pakistan’s reliance on importing arms, and therefore in … [Read more...]

Shakeel Ahmad RAMAY Pakistan is an economy of 305 billion USD1 with a massive market of 207.77 million2 people. The economy’s major strength is its resilience to internal and external shocks. This is evident from the fact that despite a direct economic loss of 1.16 percent3 of GDP on average from … [Read more...]

Naila SALEH In the wake of globalisation, economic integration and interconnection of markets has gained much impetus in the contemporary geopolitical landscape. It has evolved to become a vital ingredient of international economy. The past decades have seen a rise in regional integration blocs … [Read more...]

Amna S. SANDHU Mobeen ALI KHAN “Today is a better day for the owners of small and medium enterprises in Pakistan. Substantial reforms at both federal and provincial levels over the past year have contributed to this improvement.” Illango Patchamuthu, Word Bank Country Director, … [Read more...]