The author analyses the role and place of the Black Sea region in modern state doctrines and strategies of the Russian Federation. It is noted that in recent years the major state documents – Military Doctrine of the Russian Federation,  Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation – significantly upgraded according to new challenges and threats in the world in general and in the Black Sea-Caspian region in particular. The main idea is that all policy papers impregnated with nostalgia for the past and aimed at restoring Russia’s status of «great» state. In conclusion the author identifies the main tasks, which the Russian Federation will decide after the annexation of the Crimea in order to ensure their geo-strategic interests in the Black Sea-Caspian region.