This analytical dossier compares the National Security Strategies of China and the United States, situating them within a broader geopolitical context that also includes Russia. It argues that, despite different political systems and strategic cultures, the Chinese and U.S. documents share a “holistic” approach that tightly links foreign policy, internal stability, economic strategy, and security. The study highlights how both strategies respond to systemic pressures: U.S. relative decline and reindustrialization efforts on one side, and China’s expansionary model and need for controlled openness on the other. Particular attention is paid to multilateralism, alliance restructuring, production chains, and the strategic use of investments abroad. The dossier concludes that these strategies foreshadow a world marked by intensified competition, selective cooperation, and a progressive fragmentation of geopolitical spaces and operational standards rather than stable strategic agreements.

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